
Ibanbig iSaraminations 




(Sluestions anb Hnswers 


ON 


arliamentac^ IRules 


BY 

ASA H.' CRAIG 

AUTHOR OF Craig’s common school question book 

OF WHICH MORE THAN 1^0,000 COPIES HAVE BEEN SOLD 



ARTHUR HINDS AND COMPANY 

4 Cooper Institute, New York City 


COYPRIGHT, 1872, 1879^ 1887 aad 1891 


/ 



















The Questions and Answers in this pam¬ 
phlet are to be found also in Craig’s Com¬ 
mon School Question Book, together with 
Questions and Answers on all other Com¬ 
mon School Branches. 

For list of such other titles as are issued 
separately in this popular pamphlet series 
and for extended description of Craig’s 
Common School Question Book, see inner 
and outer pages of back cover. 






Craig’s Questions (without the Answers) may be had in 
separate pamphlets, as follows: 

Parliamentary Rules, lo cts. ; $i.oo per doz. 

Physical Geography, lo cts. ; $i.oo per doz. 

Natural Philosophy, lo cts.; $i.oo per doz. 

Algebra, with Test Problems, lo cts. ; $i.oo per doz. 

Physiology, Anat., Alcohol, Tobacco, etc., lo cts.; $i.oo per doz. 

We will add to this series soon, pamphlets on each of the other subjects found 
in Craig's Question Book. 

By enabling the Teacher to put the Questions (without 
the Answers) into the hands of every pupil, these pam¬ 
phlets render absolutely complete the equipmentfor hold¬ 
ing examinations. Arthur Hinds & Co , 4 Cooper Institute, 
New York City. 




r 


rrii ed :■ ■ 

...i;^'6 i-.C^ ; .;S.^^ t/r .^v.. 

.5;v.4?/ ;,; .. .•; ^ ■ 

7 ' OO.-:;' c^., v 

<0:0. ..;!rr^>'..:.v i; 

: ;;55:. c; ,.ir:^ .h-', ..;; 



■"jVa. S:'i 


" :v^'’ 


;., i'!'iOf0r.-v) ■Tsr;',' lcvg 'i' . 

■ i .. .._ ^. ^ . ' . 


‘ rj.':-;;.\c^ 

-i4on*tetio©n-)i^;j;5ip© x:c,v 


’?GaooO ^,.oD S->n5‘tiH.-;».?f;H.-. 





‘v.i' 

h.-..ssii>? •/■ L *-1 if.'y, 









iDanb ^ iSyain inatioiis 


(Sluestions anb Hnsvvers 


yS9^8' 

Ipaiiiamentar^ IRules 




ASA H. CRAIG 

M 


AUTHOR OF CRAIG’s COMMON SCHOOL QUESTION BOOK 


OF WHICH MOKF. THAN 150,000 COPIES HAVE BEEN SOLD 


ARTHUR HINDS AND COMPANY 

4 CooFER Institute, New York City 


COPYKIGKT i"73, 1379. 18S7 and 1891 





PREFACE. 


Question and Answer Books certainly serve two 
good purposes. They make it practicable for the 
teacher, who is perhaps already overworked, to 
hold frequent reviews, and they minimize at the 
outset that wholly mechanical work of ‘ ‘ sorting 
out ” questions which makes mere drudgery of the 
preparation of review topics. 

With carefully selected review questions and 
answers leady to hand, there would seem to be no 
reason why the teacher, however hard pressed for 
time, should not i*eview the classes as often as 
desired. 

All educators agree that reviews should form 
an important, an oft recurring part of the work 
of every school. The pupil who is made to realize 
by repeated examinations that he must fix his 
lessons not only for to-day’s recitation, but also for 
to-morrow’s review, and next week’s, and next 
month’s, is going to become habituated almost of 
necessity to a more faithful application, a more 
determined concentration of mind—a habit which 
once formed is of greater value even than knowl¬ 
edge itself. 


o 


0 ^ 

[ 

5 QUESTIONS 


ON 


PARLIAMENTARY ROLES, 


1. What are Parliamentary Rules? 

2. From what source did we derive these recognized 
rules ? 

3. Why taken from the rules governing the British 
Parliament ? 

4. Are these rules binding upon the people in their 
assemblies ? 

5. Are these changes often made ? 

6. When such legislative manual is adopted by any 
particular legislature, does it become authority for the next 
body following it ? 

7 . Would it be possible to establish a system of gov¬ 
erning rules which would agree in every particular with 
that of Congress or other legislative assemblies? 

8. Who is recognized as authority on parliamentary 
practice ? 

9. How is an assembly of the people called into an 
organized body ? 

10. Does this election of officers constitute the per¬ 
manent organization of the assembly ? 

11. How is the new organization usually taken up and 
acted upon ? 

12. Under such circumstances, is it usual to proceed in 
the election of permanent officers in the same manner as 
adopted in the election of temporary ones ? 

13. By what name is the presiding officer recognized? 

14. What name is applied to tile recording officer? 

15. Who are entitled to j)articipate in the proceedings 
of an assembly ? 

453 




454 


THE QUESTION BOOK. 


16. How are these electors or representatives recognized 
as lawful members of any assembly? 

17. What are credentials ? How obtained ? 

18. When are the credentials or certificates of member¬ 
ship examined and acted upon? 

19. When rival claims are presented, how proceed ? 

20. Do the contesting members have the privileges of 
other members during the discussion of rights ? 

21. Does it become necessary that the president or clerk 
shall be a member of the assembly ? 

22. In our numerous societies and associations, what 
offices are usually sustained ? 

23. When an assembly has rightfully appropriated a 
room or place for its sessions, how can it protect itself 
from disorderly or improper conduct of any member or 
any person not entitled to be therein ? 

24. What authority has an assembly to employ suffi¬ 
cient force to remove such person or persons ? 

25. When a person or persons become disorderly, are 
they subject to prosecution ? 

26. How is the judgment, opinion, sense or will of a 
deliberative assembly expressed ? 

27. What object was in view when the various ways of 
disposing of a proposition or motion were adopted ? 

28. What is a quorum ? 

29. What number constitutes a quorum ? 

30. What is the duty of the presiding officer in regard 
to a quorum ? 

31. Why is it necessary that a certain number should 
constitute a quorum ? 

32. By what are the various organized assemblies of 
the people governed ? 

33. How are changes made in the rules of any organ¬ 
ization? 

34. When adopted rules are disregarded or infringed 
upon, whose duty is it to take notice thereof? 

35. Suppose it is not the sentiment or wish of the assem¬ 
bly that a particular rule be enforced ? 

36. How avoid any future enforcement of distasteful 
rules ? 

37. When there is no provision for the assembly to 
amend or repeal the rules governing them, when can 
changes be made ? 

38. ^ Can a rule be dispensed with or suspended where 
there is no express provision on this subject ? 


PARLIAMENTARY RULES. 


455 


39. What is meant by the term “ general consent,” as 
used in parliamentary practice? 

40. In taking a vote on any question, does it always 
require a majority to pass the question? 

41. When an assembly is not likely to finish its busi¬ 
ness at one sitting, when would be the most appropriate 
time to fix the time for reassembling? 

42. In the election of officers, why is it necessary that 
absolute majorities should be required ? 

43. What are the duties of the presiding officer? 

44. In the absence of the president and vice-president, 
whose duty is it to preside ? 

45. Does the officer-elect have the same power con¬ 
ferred upon him as upon the regular officer? 

46. What is pro 

47. In addressing an assembly, does the presiding offi¬ 
cer rise ? 

48. What is the duty of the recording officer ? 

49. What position should the secretary or clerk 
assume while reading or calling the assembly? 

50. What is meant by calling the assembly ? 

51. What are the rights and duties of members of any 
assembly ? 

52. In cases of irregular or disorderly conduct, how 
proceed ? 

63. What punishment can be inflicted upon a member 
for willfully violating the rules of the assembly? 

54. What misdemeanors are called high breaches of 
dec/)!’urn ? 

55. Whenever a member desires to address the assem¬ 
bly, whether for debate or for the introduction of any com¬ 
munication, how proceed? 

56. When two or mare persons rise at the same time, 
or nearly so, to address the assembly, how shall the pre¬ 
siding officer decide who shall be first heard ? 

57. Should this decision be called in question by any 
member saying that in his opinion such a member is 
entitled to the floor, what must be done? 

58. What are communications? 

59. What are motions ? Questions ? 

60. How prepare a petition for presentation ? 

61. What is the duty of a member presenting a peti¬ 
tion ? 

62. What deviation is usually practiced from this regu 
lar method of proceeding ? 


450 


THE QUESTION BOOE. 


63. When petitions or other similar subjects are before 
the assembly for action, how are they usually di^iposed of? 

64. When any question is ordered to lie on the table, 
when does it again come before the assembly ? 

65. Whenever a member introduces a proposition of 
his own for consideration of the assembly, how obtain the 
action of the assembly ? 

66. As motions are usually made orally, what indul¬ 
gence is extended to the mover by the presiding officer ? 

67. When a motion is made and receives no second, 
does it command any further attention of the assembly ? 

68. When is a motion in the possession of the assem- 
bly? 

69. After a motion has been stated by the presiding 
officer, can the mover withdraw it from the assembly ? 

70. When a motion has been made and seconded, but 
not yet stated by the presiding officer, can it be withdrawn 
or modified? 

71. What is the duty of the presiding officer in regard 
to stating a motion when called upon to do so by any 
member ? 

72. When a motion is before the assembly, can another 
motion be made and acted upon ? 

73. Are members allowed to make remarks when there 
is no question before the house? 

74. When a proposition is made, and the assembly is 
not willing to give it attention at that time, how dispose 
of the question? 

75. When a motion is under debate, what questions can 
be received ? 

76. By what name are these forms of questions dis¬ 
tinguished from the principal motion? 

77. What are subsidiary questions % 

78. How are subsidiary motions classified 

79. What is the previous question f 

80. What are the objects of the mover in making a 
motion for the previous question? 

81. What is the result of an indefinite postponement f 

82. When should motions to })ostpone be made? 

83. What subsidiary motion is usually made when it 
is the desire of the assembly to postpone a question until 
the subject under consideration may suit their convenience 
better than when presented ? 

84. When a subject has been ordered to lie on the 
table, how is it recalled? When? 


parliamentary rules. 


457 


85. In what form should a motion be made when it is 
11 le desire to proceed with a matter which has been ordered 
to lie on the table ? 

86. Suppose a question when voted to lie on the table 
is never recalled, what becomes of that question? 

87. What are motions to commit ? 

88. What authority has the committee thus appointed ? 

89. Can more than one committee be appointed to per¬ 
fect any proposition? 

90. What are motions to amend? 

91. What is the division of a question ? 

92. When a motion is thus divided, what becomes of it ? 

93. Are these questions open o amendment? 

94. What must be the condi ion of a proposition to 
admit of a division ? 

95. In legislative bodies, propositions are known as 
filing blanks. How are such propositions presented and 
acted upon ? 

96. Infilling blanks in a motion, does it require separate 
action for each blank filled, and are such motions amend¬ 
ments ? 

97. When several propositions are made for filling 
blanks which relate to time or number,—as a day when 
postponement shall take place, the number of which a 
committee shall consist,—which proposition must be taken 
up first? 

98. When the propositions relate to limitation,—as the 
amount of tax to be raised, the rate of interest, on what 
day the session of a legislature shall be closed by adjourn¬ 
ment, which propositions must be taken up first? 

99. What are the terms addition, separation and transpo¬ 
sition, as they are used in legislative assemblies? 

100. After an amendment has been stated by the pre¬ 
siding officer, can the mover change the question ? 

101. When an amendment is proposed, and them over 
of the original question signifies his consent to it, what 
digression is often practiced? 

102. After a question, or amendment, has been sec¬ 
onded, can the mover withdraw his motion ? 

103. In how many ways is the form of a question 
affected by amendments? 

104. As all forms of amendments are subject to certain 
general rules, explain how these rules should be classified ? 

105. What is the First Rule? Second Rule? Third 
Rule? Fourth Rule? Fifth Rule? 


458 


THE QUESTION BOOK. 


106. Ill Rule Fifth, if the proposition is fit for rejection 
by the assembly, why not be suppressed by the presiding 
officer? 

107. When an amendment is made by striking out a 
particular paragraph or certain words, and the amendment 
is rejected, can it again be moved to strike out the same 
words, or a part of them ? 

108. When a question has been moved to amend, or an 
amendment to an amendment, how shall the presiding 
officer proceed in stating the question? 

109. In the third form of amending by striking out 
and inserting, how proceed ? 

110. When a motion to strike out and insert is carried, 
what changes can be made? 

111. What is the manner of stating a question which is 
required to be amended by striking out, or inserting, or 
striking out and inserting other words ? 

112. Can an amendment be made which will destroy 
the entire original motion? 

113. In deliberative assemblies, what motion can be 
made and take the place of a regular question ? 

114. Is a motion for adjournment always in order ? 

115. In order to entitle this motion to precedence over 
any before the assembly, how must it be given ? 

116. Can a motion to adjourn be amended ? 

117. When an assembly is adjourned without any par¬ 
ticular day or time, when does it assemble again ? 

118. When a question is interrupted by an adjourn¬ 
ment, and before any vote or question has been taken 
upon it, does it stand before the assembly at the next day 
of meeting ? 

119. To what do the questions of privilege relate ? 

120. What are the orders of the day f 

121. When does the question for the orders of the day 
arise ? 

122. When the orders of the day is decided in the 
affirmative, how proceed ? 

123. What becomes of the original motion when inter¬ 
rupted by the orders of the day ? 

124. If the question is decided in the negative, what 
business can the assembly act upon ? 

125. If the business relating to the orders of the day is 
not disposed of on the day assigned, what becomes of it? 

126. What are incidental questions ? 

127. How are incidental questions divided ? 


PARLIAMENTARY RULES. 459 

128. What is the duty of the presiding officer m rela 
tion to questions of order ? 

129. Can the presiding officer be questioned in regard 
to his decision of a breach of order or departure from 
rule ? 

130. What is appealing from the decision of the chair? 

131. When an appeal is made, how state it to the 
assembly ? 

132. When an appeal is before the assembly, is the pre¬ 
siding officer entitled to express his own opinions? 

133. What is the rule in regard to reading papers ? 

134. Why must a member obtain the consent of the 
assembly before reading any book or paper, or his own 
speech prepared in writing ? 

135. When, in the course of a debate, or other proceed¬ 
ing, the reading of a paper is called for, and an objection 
is made upon it, how proceed? 

136. When a motion has been regularly made, and the 
presiding officer has put the question formally to the 
assembly, can it be withdrawn? 

137. What is the suspension of a ride ? 

138. In the suspension of a rule, does a majority vote 
decide? 

139. How treat an amendment of an amendment? 

140. Which of the subsidiary questions admit of no 
amendment? 

141. Why do these questions not admit of amendment ? 

142. When i\iQ previous question is moved, can another 
be made to prevent its action? 

143. If the previous question is decided negatively, 
to-wit, that the main question shall not now be put, is the 
main question then subject to amendment, commitment, 
or postponement? 

144. How are questions for postponement considered? 

145. Can this question be amended ? 

146. When the motion for an amendment to some other 
day is rejected, how can a change of day be obtained? 

147. If the motion for postponement is decided in the 
negative, what other means can be resorted to for suppress¬ 
ing it ? 

148. If a motion for commitment is decided in the 
affirmative, can the previous question, or postponement, 
be then used ? 

149. How may a motion to commit, or recommit, be 
amended ? 


460 


THE QUESTION BOOK. 


150. What motion supersedes all the other subsidiary 
questions ? 

151. Of these subsidiary questions, what one can be 
superseded by others? 

152. By what reasoning are the motions for postpone¬ 
ment to a day certain and commitment, allowed to super^ 
sede a proposed amendment? 

153. How should business be brought before an assem¬ 
bly? 

154. When two or more subjects are placed on the 
table, and no priority has been given to one over the 
other, which should command the attention of the assem¬ 
bly first? 

155. When any paper, which consists of several dis¬ 
tinct propositions is presented for the action of the assem¬ 
bly, how proceed in the most appropriate manner ? 

156. VVhere a paper consists of a preamble or title, 
does it becotne proper to proceed first with the heading? 

157. When a paper has been referred to a committee, 
and is reported back to the assembly, how is it taken up 
for consideration? 

158. When the resolutions or articles of the committal 
have been thus agreed upon, how enter the final question 
upon the records of the assembly ? 

159. When the paper referred to a committee is reported 
back in a new draft, which is often done when numerous 
changes are made, how is the new draft considered ? 

160. Give an example of how questions may grow 
out of each other, and in what order they may be 
decided. 

161. In a case like the preceding example, we have six 
questions before the assembly at one time; how dispose of 
them ? 

162. When is a proposition in order for any member to 
discuss it ? 

163. What abusive proceeding is sometimes allowed in 
the moving of subsidiary motions? 

164. Under such circumstances, what is the duty of the 
presiding officer? 

165. When a member has obtained the floor, w'hat 
right belongs to him ? 

166. Can he be interrupted in his speech by any other 
member rising and moving an adjournment, or for the 
orders of the day, or by making any <3ther privileged 
motion ? 


PARLIAMENTARY RULES. 


461 


167. When a member has the floor, and calls are made 
for an adjournment, or the orders of the day, or for the 
question, how are such calls to be considered ? 

168. How shall a member address himself to the pre¬ 
siding officer when he wishes to call attention to some 
point of order, privilege or orders of the assembly ? 

169. When the time arrives for proceeding with the 
orders of the day, can a member be interrupted while 
speaking, and new subjects presented ? 

170. After a motion has been made, seconded and pro¬ 
posed, to whom is it customary to give the floor on open¬ 
ing the debate ? 

171. When two or more members claim the floor, to 
whom should the presiding officer give the preference ? 

172. Has a member the right to discuss a subject before 
it is moved ? 

173. Is the discussion of a subject, not already moved, 
indulged in by the members ? 

174. When a member desires to address the assembly 
for the purpose of discussion, or to make a motion, how 
should he proceed ? 

175. What is the duty of a person in speaking in 
regard to mentioning the name of a member then pres¬ 
ent? 

176. When the presiding officer rises to speak, at the 
same time as another member, what shall be the duty of 
that member? 

177. How long is a member permitted to speak on any 
subject? 

178. What are the rules in regard to speaking? 

179. Does the introduction of a subsidiary motion re¬ 
strain debate on the general question ? 

180. When a member is called to order for departing 
from the subject under consideration, what privilege may 
be extended to him ? 

181. How many times can a member speak upon the 
same subject under debate? 

182. On what points may a member speak a second 
time in the same debate? 

183. What is the meaning of the phrase “to clear a 
matter of fact ”? 

184. When a member wishes to make an explanation 
while another is speaking, and the speaker yields the floor 
for an explanation, does the speaker have the right to the 
floor after the explanation has been given ? 


462 


THE QUESTION BOOK. 


185. What methods do assemblies adopt to prevent a 
continuation of lengthy and unprofitable debates? 

186. When an assembly will not support the presiding 
officer in his efforts to maintain order and decorum, what 
will he be justified in doing? 

187. When disorderly words are used in speaking, 
which are personally offensive or insulting to another, or 
to the assembly, how proceed to check its continuance? 

188. If offensive words are not taken notice of at the 
time spoken, or immediately after the speaker has finished, 
has any member the right to censure the member before 
the assembly ? 

189. Sometimes it occurs that a member while speaking 
does not command the attention of the assembly ; that his 
right to be heard is disregarded by improper disturbances, 
wliispering, talking, and other evidences of no regard for 
the speaker. What would be the most prudent course of 
the member speaking? 

190. What is the order, resolution^ or vote of the assembly? 

191. In stating a question to an assembly, is it neces¬ 
sary for the presiding officer to give it in the precise form 
proposed ? 

192. In matters of trifling, importance, such as receiv¬ 
ing petitions and reports, withdrawing motions, reading 
papers, etc., what form is often used in disposing of 
them? 

193. What is the form used by the presiding officer in 
putting a question to the assembly ? 

194. If the presiding officer is unable to decide the 
vote; or, after deciding according to his judgment, any 
member rises and says, “/ dtouht the vote,'^^ what must be 
done ? 

195. If the assembly is equally divided on any ques¬ 
tion, how decide? 

196. Is it the duty of.the presiding officer to give the 
casting vote? 

197. When the expression of the assembly is taken by 
actual count, to whom does this duty belong? 

198. In legislative assemblies, how is the question 
taken by vote ? 

199. After the affirmative side of the question has 
been put, and voting commenced, is it open to debate ? 

200. What objects can be accomplished by an interrup¬ 
tion as above described ? 

201. When a question is taken by ayes and noes, the 


PARLIAMENTARY RULES. 


463 


negative and affirmative taken at the same time, why can 
there be no opening of the debate, as in other cases? 

202. When, during a division, objections arise concern¬ 
ing the right of any members to vote, how settle the ob¬ 
jection ? 

203. Suppose, in counting the assembly, on a division, 
it appears that there is not a quorum present, what shall 
he done? 

204. What is a motion for reconsideration ? 

205. Who has a right to make a motion to reconsider? 

206. Of what use are committees? 

207. What are the powers of a committee? 

208. What names are usually applied to the different 
commitiees ? 

209. What is a select committee ? 

210. What is a standing committee ? 

211. In appointing a committee, how proceed ? 

212. How select a committee by ballot? 

213. How elect by nomination and vote? 

214. When a subject is referred to a committee, what 
custom is usually adopted in the selection of that com¬ 
mittee? 

215. What is the duty of the secretary in regard to 
committees? 

216. Who is the chairman of a committee? 

217. When and where does a committee meet for the 
transaction of business ? 

218. Can a committee transact business without the 
attendance of all the members? 

219. If a committee fails to meet at the particular time, 
as ordered by the assembly, what is the result ? 

220. If disorderly words are spoken in a committee, 
wffiat is to be done ? 

221. What is the difference in the action of a committee 
on a paper originating with, and one referred to them ? 

222. If a committee is opposed to the whole paper 
referred to them, can they reject it ? 

223. What should be the appearance of a paper origi¬ 
nating with a committee and reported to the assembly? 

224. How should a committee treat a paper referred to 
it ? 

225. When the committee has finished its work, what 
move is next in order ? 

226. When the report of a committee is to be made, 
how proceed? 


464 


THE c^ukhtioN book. 


227. If the report is deferred to some future time, what 
is the manner of then disposing of it? 

228. If the report is of a paper with amendments, how 
proceed ? 

229. Is a motion and vote necessary in accepting a 
report? 

230. When a report is of considerable length, how is it 
usually presented to the members for their inspection ? 

231. When is a committee dissolved ? 

232. What is meant by recommitting a subject ? 

233. Does the action of a committee have any bearing 
upon a subject recommitted ? 

234. In h()W many forms may the report of a committee 
be presented? 

235. When the report of a committee is accepted, how 
is it regarded by the assembly? 

236. Do the terms accepting and adopting have the same 
meaning ? 

237. What is a committee of the whole f 

238. How resolve an assembly into a committee of the 
whole? 

239. What number is required to constitute a quorum ? 

240. If at any time the number present falls below a 
quorum, what is the duty of the committee? 

241. \V4io acts asderk in recording the business trans¬ 
acted by a committee of the whole? 

242. How are the records of this committee kept ? 

243. What is the difference between the proceedings of 
the assembly and the committee of the whole? 

244. How avoid an improper discussion,'which in the 
assembly can be governed by the previous question ? 

245. If the business of the committee is not concluded 
at the usual time for the assembly to adjourn, or if the 
committee have other reasons for not continuing, how shall 
they proceed ? 

246: What is a sub-committee ? 

247. Is the formality of a motion and question ever 
dispensed with as to the time of receiving a report? 

248. What special duty should be imposed upon every 
presiding officer in the discharge of business? 


ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS 

ON 

PARLIAMENTARY RULES. 


1. A recognized code of Bystematic regulations, by 
which the people may be assembled for deliberation, and 
governed accordingly. 

2. From the British Parliament. 

o. Because of the early relationship between England 
and the United States. These rules have remained un¬ 
changed in the English Parliament for several hundreds 
of years, and have become a j)rominent system of parlia¬ 
mentary authority. 

4. Not binding, although this universal custom be¬ 
comes a general law, changed only when legislative bodies 
shall so specify. 

5. Not in the common assembling of the people. In 
the legislative branches of our government a different sys¬ 
tem of particular rules have been established, yet founded 
in and embracing all the essential rules of the common 
parliamentary law. Differences are adopted even in the 
two Houses of Congress, while in each state no prescribed 
rule is used in common. As a consequence of this dis¬ 
agreement, all legislative bodies provide themselves with 
a Legislative Manual, which becomes the standard author¬ 
ity for the government of that assembly. 

6. It does not. Each legislative assembly is free to 
adopt the rules of its predecessors or to create new ones. 
In Congress, the same privilege is accepted, which, unlike 
the standard laws of the British Parliament, are subject 
to change to suit the particular wants of that body. 

7. It would not. As a people, we have no great 
resnect for customs and precedents. Tliis lack of respect 

465 



466 


THE C2UESTI0N BOOK. 


for a permanent system is manifested in the endeavor of 
individuals to publish works which, in many particulars, 
are a departure from the general law. 

8. Luther S. Cushing, author of Cushing’s Manual. 

9. There being no organization, it is effected by some 
individual in the assembly requesting the meeting to come 
to order for the transaction of the business calling them 
together. He also requests that some person be nominated 
for presiding officer. Such nomination being made, he 
puts the question for a vote of the assembly. Should the 
nominee be rejected, other nominations are made, until a 
choice is effected, whereupon the officer elected takes the 
chair, and proceeds in the same manner to complete the 
organization of the assembly, by choice of a secretary and 
such other officers, if any, as may be deemed necessary. 

10. It does not, although in all conventions and meet¬ 
ings where the people are called together for special pur¬ 
poses, no further organization is required ; but should a 
permanency be desired, these officers are regarded as 
temporary, and to govern until a permanent organization 
is obtained and other officers elected to take their places. 

11. By referring it to a committee, who report such 
necessary articles for government as may have been sug¬ 
gested by the assembly, by individuals thereof, or upon 
their own judgment. Such report to be received or re¬ 
jected, as the assembly deem proper. 

12. It is not. A committee is often selected, who, after 
consultation, recommend the election of certain individuals 
as qualified to fill the different offices required. 

13. In organized societies or legislative bodies, president 
or speaker; in political conventions, school meetings, or 
any of the numerous calls for an assembling of the people, 
chairman; in secret societies, by whatever name adopted 
by that society. 

14. Secretary or clerk. 

15. When the assembling is a call for the whole people, 
all are entitled ; in political conventions or caucuses, those 
who are recognized as electors of that party; in school 
meetings, electors of that school district; in societies or 
associations, those who have been duly elected as members. 

16. Usually by a committee being appointed to exam¬ 
ine the credentials presented by the different individuals 
who desire to take part in the assembly. 

17. A certificate of qualification. In the Congress of 
the United States, certificates of membership are given by 


PARLIAMENTARY RULES. 


467 


the presiding officers of the states where each member is 
elected ; in the legislatures of states, from the county or 
parish officers where each member is elected ; in political 
conventions, from state or local authority, according to the 
call. 

IS. The proper time for this investigation is after the 
temporary and before the permanent organization, by the 
committee appointed for that purpose. 

19. The committee report the claims, and such persons 
are entitled to a hearing, the decision of the matter being 
left with those whose rights of membership are not called 
in question. 

20. They do not. After being heard, it is their duty 
to withdraw, or if, by the courtesy of the assembly, they 
aie permitted to remain, they have no right to further 
discuss or vote upon the subject. 

21. As these officers are to preside over and record the 
proceedings of an assembly, it does not become necessary 
that they shall, in all cases, become members of the assem¬ 
bly. In legislative bodies, the clerk is seldom, or never, 
a member ; and in the Senate of the United States, and 
most state senates, the president is not a member. 

22. President, vice-president, secretary and treasurer. 
To these may be added one or more vice-presidents, one 
or more secretaries, and such other officers or committees 
Ts the association shall see fit to adopt. 

23. By employing sufficient force to remove such per¬ 
son or persons from the meeting. 

24. This protection is guaranteed by the constitution 
of the United States, and all necessary resorts to the use 
of force are unquestionably recognized as just. 

25. They are, according to the extent of the offense. 

26. According to the nature of the subject, either by a 
resolution, order or vote. When it commands, it is an 
order; the expression of opinions, by a resolution; the result 
of a question decided by the assembly, a vote. 

27. As all questions were liable to be imperfect in form, 
objectionable in part, and not presented at the desired 
time, it was necessary that various ways should be 
invented by which the question could be retained, per¬ 
fected, presented when desired, or postponed from time to 
time, as the will of the assembly should decide. 

28. A sufficient number of members for the transac¬ 
tion of business. 

29. Usually, in councils, legislative bodies or associa- 


468 


THE (QUESTION BOOK. 


tions, rules are established determining this point, but 
should there be no established rules, it requires a majority 
of all members composing that association, society or 
assembly. 

30. He should not take the chair until he is satisfied a 
quorum is present; and should, at any time in the course 
of the proceedings, notice be taken that a quorum is not 
present, it then becomes the duty of the presiding officer 
to count the members present, and should a quorum be 
wanting, the assembly must be immediately adjourned. 

31. In order to secure fairness of proceeding, and to 
prevent matters from being concluded in a hasty manner, 
or agreed to by so small a number of the members as not 
to command a due and proper respect. 

32. By a code of rules usually known as a constitution 
and by-laws. 

33. By a prescribed rule as given ; but when there is 
no prescribed rule, it becomes proper for the assembly to 
act at any time upon an amendment the same as in any 
question, but in the suspension of a rule there must be an 
unanimous consent. 

34. Any member has the right to report such offense, 
^nd require that the presiding officer should enforce the 
rule without debate or delay. 

35. It matters not; so long as one member insists upon 
its execution, it must be done. It is then too late to alter, 
repeal or suspend the rule. 

36. By an amendment at the proper time. 

37. At any time when it is the will of the assembly to 
amend or repeal. 

38. It cannot, except by general consent. 

39. It denotes the unanimous opinion of the assembly. 

40. In all the common transactions of the people, a 
majority rules ; but in legislative bodies, on some particu¬ 
lar questions or subjects, as the entering of the yeas and 
nays upon the records, one-fourth of the members present 
may carry the question, while on other subjects it may 
require a two-thirds vote, as in impeachment trials and the 
passing of laws previously vetoed. • 

41. It would be inore satisfactory in all cases to decide 
this matter before the time to close has arrived. By doing 
so, the judgment of the assembly would be better 
expressed, as impatience is often manifested when the 
motion to adjourn is made. 

42. As all officers of a deliberative assembly are 


PARLIAMENTARY RULES. 


469 


removable at the pleasure of the assembly, it is not rea¬ 
sonable to suppose that a person elected by a minority 
could retain his office when opposed by a majority. It is 
essential in the transaction of business that they should 
possess the confidence of the members, which they can¬ 
not be Slid to do unless they have the suffrages of at least 
a majority. 

43. To open the assembly at such times as provided 
for the meeting ; to announce the business necessary to be 
transacted in proper order; to receive and submit all 
proper motions and propositions presented by the mem¬ 
bers ; to put to vote all regular questions that may be pre¬ 
sented for action, and to announce the result; to enforce 
order and decorum, and to restrain the members, when 
engaged in debate, from the violation of these rules ; to 
receive all communications, and announce them to the 
assembly ; to sign his name to all acts, orders and proceed¬ 
ings of the assembly, when necessary ; to decide all points 
of order or practice when called upon to do so ; to name 
the members who are to serve on committees when no pro¬ 
vision has been made for their appointment; and, in gen¬ 
eral, to obey the commands of the assembly, declare its 
will, and stand as its representative. 

44. It then becomes the duty of the secretary to open 
the meeting and conduct the proceedings until the 
appointment of a president and chairman is made. 

45. He does; the only difference being that he does 
not hold power beyond this particular session. 

46. The term applied to any officer appointed to fill, 
for the time being, the place of an absent one. 

47. To state a motion, or put a question, he should 
rise, but may read sitting. 

48. To take note of and record all the business trans¬ 
actions of the assembly ; but he is not required to take 
minutes of words used in debate, or of things proposed or 
moved without coming to a vote. It is also his duty to 
read all papers or communications ; to call the roll of the 
assembly ; to notify committees of their appointments 
and the business referred to them ; to sign, if necessary, 
with the president, all acts or orders of the assembly; and 
to hold and protect all papers and documents, letting none 
be taken from the table without permission of the assem¬ 
bly. 

49. He should stand, unless disabilities prevent. 

50. Calling, by name, each member, whose duty is to 


470 


THE QUESTION BOOK. 


respond by expressing his choice, for or against, the ques¬ 
tion before the assembly. This mode of obtaining the 
opinion of an assembly is often adopted in conventions 
where nominations for offices are made. It is quicker 
expressed than by ballot. 

51. Every member is entitled to the same equal rights 
in the business transactions of the assembly ; he is entitled 
to the respect of all other members while debating, or rec¬ 
ommending any proposition which he may present. It is 
the duty of every member to act the part of a gentleman, 
in manners and language ; to remove his hat upon entering 
the assembly-room, and to avoid, as far as possible, any 
unnecessary noise and confusion. 

52. It is the privilege of every member to report such 
conduct, and it is the especial duty of the presiding officer 
to take notice or complain of irregular or improper con¬ 
duct, calling the attention of the assembly to it, naming 
the individual censured. The member censured is entitled 
to a hearing, if he wishes to explain why he has thus con¬ 
ducted himself. It is then his duty to withdraw from the 
assembly, unless permission is granted tiiat he should 
remain, but not to take further action, as no man is entitled 
to sit as his own judge. 

53. Only those which relate to the rights of that mem¬ 
ber in the assembly, such as being debarred from taking 
any action for a stated time; expulsion, or any prohibition 
which the assembly may declare. 

54. Assaults by one member upon another, threats, 
challenges, affrays, etc. 

55. The member must rise in his place, and, standing 
uncovered, address himself to the presiding officer, by his 
title, who, on being addressed, calls the member by his 
name, by which permission is given to the member to pro¬ 
ceed with his business. 

56. He should give the floor to the member whose voice 
he first heard. 

57. In such a case, it becomes necessary for the presid¬ 
ing officer to refer his decision to a vote of the assembly. 
If decided in the negative, then the name of the member 
for whom the floor was claimed must be acted upon. 

58. They are oftwo kinds, namely, those which convey 
information of some general character, and those which 
contain request for some action on thei)artof the assembly. 
The latter form of communications embraces orders, reso¬ 
lutions or votes. 


PARLIAMENTARY RULES. 


171 


59. Propositions drawn up by any member and intro¬ 
duced for action in the assembly. Motions in all cases 
must be sanctioned or seconded by another member. 

60. A petition should contain a carefully constructed 
statement of what is desired, and be signed by the peti¬ 
tioner himself, except when sickness prevents, or he is 
attending in person ; but in no case sliould the petitioner 
state it to the assembly, but it should be presented by 
some member to whom it is entrusted for that purpose. 

61. He should inform himself of the nature and sub¬ 
stance of the petition prepared, and if, in his judgment, it 
contains nothing intentionally disrespectful to the assem¬ 
bly, he rises in his place, witli the petition in his hand, and 
informs the assembly that he has a certain petition, stating 
the substance of it, which he, or some other member, 
moves shall be received. This motion being seconded, the 
question is put whether the assembly will receive the peti¬ 
tion or not. 

62. The presiding officer, usually, taking for granted 
that there are no objections to its reception, orders it sent 
up to the clerk, or secretary, and it is then read, by which 
means it is brought before the assembly to be disposed of 
as business ; but should objections be made to this devia¬ 
tion, the presiding officer must require a motion of recep¬ 
tion to be regularly made and seconded, or the subject will 
be dropped without further action. 

63. By being immediately considered or assigned to 
some future time, or ordered to lie on the table for exam¬ 
ination and consideration of the members individually. 

64. Not until the members require it. 

65. He puts it into the form desired, and then moves 
that it be adopted; after which, if it receives the approba¬ 
tion or second of any member, it comes before the assem¬ 
bly for action. 

66. By not requiring the motion to be presented in 
writing. If otherwise presented he is justified in refusing 
to receive it, except for adjournment, to lie on the table, and 
such motions as are always in the same form. 

67. It does not, and no notice should be taken of it by 
the presiding officer. To this rule exceptions occur, such 
as necessarily require the action of the presiding officer in 
enforcing decorum, or to proceed with any order of the as¬ 
sembly. Sometimes a special rule is passed requiring 
more than one second on particular subjects. 


472 


THE QUESTION BOOK. 


68. After it has been made and seconded, and stated })y 
the presiding officer. 

69. He cannot, for it no longer belongs to him ; but, by 
special leave of the assembly, when acted upon as in any 
motion, it can be withdrawn. 

70. It is proper for the mover to withdraw or modify it, 
either of himself or on the suggestion of some other mem¬ 
ber, or of the presiding officer, and without any motion or 
vote for the j)urpose. 

71. Whenever a member desires the motion stated for 
his information, it becomes the duty of the presiding offi¬ 
cer to observe the request. 

72. Not unless it is one which is previous in its nature 
to the question under consideration, and, consequently, 
entitled to take its place for the time being, and be first 
decided. 

73. When those remarks or suggestions relate to some 
business not yet moved as a question, it is proper to state 
them, but the presiding officer should be careful to check 
and prevent all observations which may tend to excite 
debate, it being a general rule that no debate can be allowed 
to take place on any subject, unless there is a question 
pending at the time. 

74. For this purpose we have the previous question, 
indefinite postponement, postpone to some future time, to 
lie on the table, or, if the motion is not in a satisfactory 
form, to refer to a committee. 

75. To adjourn ; to lie on the table ; for the previous 
question ; to postpone to a day certain; to commit; to 
amend; and to postpone indefinitely. These several 
motions shall have precedence in the order in which they 
are arranged. 

76. They are called subsidiary questions. 

77. Those which relate to the principal motion, and are 
made use of to enable the assembly to dispose of it in the 
most appropriate manner. These motions are sometimes 
used to destroy the principal question, and even to dispose 
of one another. 

78. Into four classes, as follows : 

First. If the question is considered useless or inex¬ 
pedient, and the assembly desires to suppress it, either for 
a time or altogether, the subsidiary motions, for this pur¬ 
pose, are the previous question and indefinite postpone¬ 
ment. 

Second. When more information is wanted, or time for 


rAULIAMENTARY RULES. 


473 


reflection and examination, or the assembly has other mat¬ 
ter which has more pressing claims ui^on its present atten¬ 
tion, then the subsidiary motions to postpone to some 
future day or time, and to lie on the table, are called into 
use. 

Third. When the form is defective, or a more careful 
and deliberative consideration should be given than can 
be conveniently expressed by the assembly, then it would 
i)e most proper to refer the proposition to a committee. 

Fourth. When alterations or amendments are desired, 
then the subsidiary motion is to amend. 

79. A motion intended to suppress debate and bring 
the question to a vote, or to remove it from before the 
assembly. In meaning it is known as, Shall the main 
q'cestion now he putf^ If the previous question is lost, the 
<luestion under debate is considered suppressed for the day, 
but if carried, then the question is put immediately, with¬ 
out any further debate. 

80. Either to suppress the motion or to bring it to an 
immediate vote of the assembly. 

81. The object is to suppress a motion entirely, and an 
indefinite postponement is equivalent to a dissolution. The 
effect of tliis motion, when carried, is to quash the propo¬ 
sition entirely ; if lost, the decision has no effect whatever. 

82. When the members individually want more infor¬ 
mation than they possess, or where there is something else 
which they are desirous of disposing of first. When a 
subject is postponed, it can be taken up at any time when 
it may suit the convenience of the assembly. 

83. The question most commonly in use is, to lie on th® 
table. 

84. By a motion and vote, at any time when the assem¬ 
bly pleases, although, when any matter has been thus dis¬ 
posed of, in strictness it should not again become a subject 
on the same day, unless so specified when made. 

85. “ I move that the assembly do now proceed to con¬ 
sider that matter or subject,” (naming it). 

86. If no motion is made to take it up, it remains as 
dead matter, without life, as far as it concerns the future 
actions of the assembly. This motion is often used to 
suppress a question under debate. 

87. Whenever the proposition is defectively framed, and 
it is necessary to have a careful deliberation, the subject is 
referred to a committee, which is called a commitment, or. 


474 


THE QUESTION BOOK. 


if the subject has been in the hands of a committee, a 
recommitment. 

88. To follow out the instructions of the assembly. If 
no particular instructions are given, then the committee 
must re-frame according to the spirit of the subject, but 
cannot change the subject by means of an amendment. 

89. Different parts may be committed to different com¬ 
mittees. 

90. To unite to the subject matter of a proposition some 
points or propositions not therein contained. 

91. When a proposition is'composed of two or more 
parts, which are so far independent of each other as to 
admit of a division into several questions, and it is sup¬ 
posed that the assembly will approve of some of these 
parts, but not all of them, a division may then take place 
by a separate motion for that purpose. 

92. It becomes a series of questions, to be considered 
and acted upon each by itself as an independent matter, 
in the order in which the mover has divided the proposi¬ 
tion. 

93. They are the same as any other proposition. 

94. Its point must be so distinct and entire, that if one 
or more of them be taken away, the others may not be 
affected by the division. 

95. They are presented in regular form, but blank in 
regard to time, number, or amount, which the mover 
desires to be filled by the assembly; as, the time of post¬ 
ponement, the number of which a committee shall consist, 
the amount of fine to be imposed, etc. 

96 The blanks are to be filled by regular motions, and 
are not considered as amendments to the question, but as 
original motions, to be made and decided before the prin¬ 
cipal questions. 

97. The question must be first taken upon the greatest 
or farthest, and so on to the least or nearest, until the assem¬ 
bly comes to a vote. 

98. The question must be first taken upon the least or 
nearest, and so on to the greatest or most remote, until the 
assembly comes to a vote. 

99. They are used whenever a matter presented for 
action contains more than one ])roposition, which mio-ht 
be better in one; or when a proposition should be separated 
into parts; or when a paragraph or section requires to be 
transposed. But these modes of disposing of a proposition 
are better referred to a committee. 


PARLIAMENTARY RULES. 475 

100. He cannot; the same law controlling the amend¬ 
ment as on an original question. 

101. To incorporate the proposed amendment in the 
original motion, and proceed without a separate motion. 

102. If it is his desire to withdraw his motion it can 
only be done by general consent. Such motions not couj- 
ing to a vote are not required to be recorded. 

103. In three ways, namely : either by inserting or 
adding certain words; or by striking out certain words; 
or by striking out certain words and inserting or adding 
others. 

104. Amendments are classified into five rules, known 
as First, Second, Third, Fourth, Fijth. 

105. Rule First. —When a proposition consists of 
several sections, paragraphs, or resolutions, the natural 
order of considering and amending it is to begin at the 
beginning and take up the paragraphs in the order in 
which they occur; and when a latter part has been 
amended, it is not in order to then take up any former 
part and alter or amend. 

Rule Second. —There can be no amendment of an 
amendment to an amendment. Whenever a proposed 
amendment to an amendment does not meet the require¬ 
ments of the assembly, notice should be given by the one 
Avho desires to amend, that, if rejected, he shall move again 
in the form in which he desires to have it adopted. 

Rule Third. —Whenever a proposed amendment has 
been adopted or rejected by the assembly,the subject in ques¬ 
tion cannot afterwards be altered or amended. In this rule, 
let it be observed that whenever an amendment has been 
voted upon by the assembly, it cannot again be amended ; 
but before the proposed amendment has been brought to a 
vote, it is susceptible to a change, as given in Rule Second. 

Rule Fourth. —Whatever amendment is disagreed to 
by the assembly cannot again become a question. ^ 

Rule Fifth. —When a proposed amendment is an in¬ 
fringement on one already adopted, it is a fit ground for 
its rejection by the assembly, but not for the suppression 
of it by the presiding officer, as being out of order. ^ 

106. The object is to guard against the possibility of 
the presiding officer suppressing an important modifica¬ 
tion, which might embarrass instead of subserving the 
will of the assembly. 

107. The same words, or a part of them, if used with 
other words, and forming a different proposition, can be 


476 


THE QUESTION liOOK. 


struck out the same as if no rejection liad been made. 
'Die same is applicable to words that have been struck 
out and restored in connection with other words, pro¬ 
viding this proposition is substantially different from the 
first. 

108. The presiding officer should put the amendment 
to the amendment first; then the amendment; and lastly, 
the original question as amended. 

109. As the form is a combination of the other two, it 
may be divided into these two forms by a vote of the 
assembly. If the motion is divided, the question first to 
be decided is on striking out; if carried, then the ques¬ 
tion for inserting. Should the question for striking out 
be lost, then of course there can be no question for insert¬ 
ing. When the motion is made to strike out and insert as 
one question, and the motion is lost, the same motion can¬ 
not be made again, but it may be moved to strike out the 
same words and insert nothing; to insert other words ; to 
insert the same words with others ; to insert a part of the 
same words with others; to strike out the same words 
with others, and insert the same; to strike out a part of 
the same words with others, and insert the same ; to strike 
out other words, and insert the same ; and to insert the 
same words, without striking out anything; providhig 
these new propositions are really different from the original 
motion. 

110. As the words struck out, or a part of them, can¬ 
not be inserted, or the words inserted, or a part of them, 
cannot be struck out, it becomes necessary, if changes are 
desired, to either insert the words struck out, or a part of 
them, with other words ; or to strike out the words in¬ 
serted, or a part of them, with other words. 

111. The p:issage to be amended should first be read; 
then the words proposed to be struck out, or inserted, or 
struck out and inseited ; and lastly, the whole passage as 
it will stand if the amendment is adopted. 

112. It can, although the object of an amendment is for 
imi^rovernent; yet it can be n.ade to destroy. If the 
assembly so wills, the bill may be amended by striking out 
all after the enacting clause and inserting an entirely new 
bill wholly different in effect. 

113. There are certain motions or questions which, on 
account of superior importance, are entitled to take the 
place of any other subject or proposition then under con¬ 
sideration, and should first be acted upon and decided by 


I’AlJl.IAMENTARY RULES. 


477 


tlio assembly. These are called Privileged Questions, and 
are of three kinds : first, motions to adjourn ; second, those 
that relate to the rights and privileges of the assembly or 
of its members ; and, thirdly, motions for the orders of the 
day. 

114. It is commonly said that it is always in order, but 
exceptions arise which do not make it so. When the 
assembly is voting by the ayes and noes, or a member is 
speaking, it is not in order. 

115. Simply to adjourn, without the addition of any 
particular day or time. 

116. ^ When it is the object of the motion to supersede 
a question already proposed, it does not admit of an amend¬ 
ment ; but when it is made and there is no other business 
before the assembly, it may be amended like other ques¬ 
tions. 

117. At the next regular day, as agreed upon by rule 
or by-laws of the assembly. But the adjournment of a 
meeting not organized for the transaction of business, from 
time to time, is equivalent to a dissolution. 

118. It does not. Such questions must be brought for¬ 
ward in the usual way; but if such question has been 
stated by the presiding officer, it stands before the assem- 
bly. 

119. To the rights and privileges of the assembly, or of 
its individual members, such as a disturbance of the assem¬ 
bly by members or strangers, or where a quarrel arises 
between two members. The settlement of such rights or 
privileges supersedes the question pending, and must be 
first disposed of. When settled, the question interrupted 
is to be resumed at the point where it was suspended. 

120. When a subject, or different subjects, have been 
assigned for a particular day by an order of the assembly, 
such matter becomes the order of the day. 

121. Whenever a proposition, except to adjourn, or the 
question of privilege, is presented for the action of the assem¬ 
bly, that does not relate to the orders of the day, then a 
motion to proceed with the business ordered will supersede 
the question before the assembly. 

122. The orders must then be read and gone.through 
with in the order in which they stand. Should an order 
be assigned to a particular hour, a motion to proceed to it 
is not a privileged motion until that hour arrives ; but if 
no hour is fixed, the order or orders are for the entire day, 
and every part of it. 


478 


THE QUESTION BOOK. 


123. It is removed from the assembly the same as an 
interruption by an adjournment, as described in Question 
116. 

124. They can continue with the business before the 
assembly when interrupted, and are entitled to dispose of 
it before the orders of the day can again be moved. 

125. It no longer becomes an order of the assembly, 
and if acted upon in the future, must come up as any 
other business. 

126. Such as arise out of other questions, and are enti¬ 
tled to be decided before the questions which give rise to 
them. 

127. First, questions of order ; second, motions for the 
reading of papers, etc.; third, leave to withdraw a motion ; 
fourth, suspension of a rule; and fifth, amendment of an 
amendment. 

128. To enforce the rules and orders of the body over 
which he presides, without question, debate or delay, in 
all cases where it is manifest that there is a breach of order 
or a departure from rule. 

129. He can. Questions may arise in which there is 
no breach of order or violation of rules. Such questions 
must be decided before a case can arise for the enforcement 
of the rules. 

130. Whenever the decision of the presiding officer is 
not satisfactory, any member can object to it, and have the 
question decided by the assembly. Such question is 
debatable, and to be decided in the same manner as any 
other question. 

131. “ Shall the decision of the Chair stand as the 
decision of the assembly ? ” 

132. He is entitled to take part in the debate, which, 
on ordinary occasions, he is prohibited from doing. 

133. Where papers are laid before an assembly for its 
action, every member has a right to have them read once 
at the table before he is compelled to vote upon them. 
When, therefore, a member calls for a reading of the 
papers, no question should be made as to the reading ; but 
where a member desires a repetition of the reading, or of 
some other paper, book or document on the table, or of his 
own speech prepared beforehand in writing, and there is 
an objection, he must obtain leave of the assembly for the 
reading, by a motion and vote of the assembly. 

134. Because of delay and interruption, which would 


rARLIAMEJS'TAliY RULES. 479 

otherwise ensue, if the members were allowed to use the 
lime of the assembly ior that purpose. 

135. A new question, to decide whether the paper shall 
be read or not, can be made, which takes the place of the 
other, as incidental to it. 

136. It can, by an unanimous vote of the assembly. 

137. When a proposition is debarred from the action 
of the assembly by reason of some special rule, such rule 
may be removed for the time being by a vote, under the 
head of suspension of a raley by which the proposition may 
be admitted. 

138. In most legislative bodies it requires two-thirds or 
three-fourths, according to the code of rules adopted, but 
if no provision is made, there seems to be no other mode of 
suspending or dispensing with a rule, except by general 
consent. 

139. Like other incidental questions, the sub-amend¬ 
ment supersedes the amendment until decided. 

140. The previous question, and to lie oil the table. 

141. Parliamentary usage has fixed the form of the pre¬ 
vious question, “ Shall the main question now be put?” 
which calls for immediate action ; consequently, no change 
can be made. In the question to lie on the table, usage 
has decided it not susceptible to an amendment, as it is 
already as simple as can be. 

142.. The subsidiary question to lie on the table will 
supersede it. 

143. As this decision takes the main question out of 
the possession of the assembly for the day, there is noth¬ 
ing then before it to amend, commit, or postpone. 

144. As either indefinite, or to a day certain. 

145. When the postponement is indf^finile, it can be 
amended to a day certain ; and when it is to a day certain, 
to some other day ; or an amendment to an amendment, 
when a different day is desired. 

146. The substituted day may be moved as an inde¬ 
pendent motion. 

147. By the use of the previous question ; or commit; 
or amend. 

148. When decided in the affirmative, the question is 
then removed from before the assembly, and, conse- 
quentlsq there is no ground for the previous question ; but 
if decided negatively, the question remains to be diposed 
of as the assembly shall declare. 

149. By the substitution of one kind of a committee 


m 


THE QUESTION BOOK. 


for another, or by changing the number of the committee. 

150. To lie on the table. 

151. The amendment question. This motion can be 
superseded by postponement to a day certain, or by a 
commitment. 

152. In either case the proposed amendment is not 
suppressed, but referred to a committee for careful delib¬ 
eration ; or, in case there was urgent business, a lengthy 
debate might delay ; consequently, the right to postpone to 
a day certain. 

153. In regular order. In “ permanent organizations ” 
of an assembly or society, a settled order of business is 
usually adopted, and whatever business is to be transacted 
comes under that order ; but in assemblies where no defi¬ 
nite system has been established, subjects are taken up 
when appropriately presented. 

154. They are left to the discretion of the presiding 
officer, unless the assembly, by action, decide to take up a 
particular subject. 

155. The entire paper should first be read by the secre- 
taryor clerk, then by the presiding officer by paragraph, 
pausing at the end of each distinct article, for amending, 
if desired, and when the whole paper has been gone 
through with in this manner, the presiding officer puts the 
final question on agreeing to or adopting the whole paper, 
as amended or unamended. 

156. It does not. The preamble, or title, is postponed 
until the residue of the paper is gone through with. 

157. The amendments only are first read, in course, by 
the recording officer. The presiding officer then reads the 
first, and puts it to the question, and so on until the whole 
is adopted or rejected, no amendments being made, except 
an amendment to an amendment, until all the amend¬ 
ments reported by the committee have been disposed of, 
when an opportunity is offered by the presiding officer to 
the assembly for amendments to the body of the paper; and 
when the whole has been thus acted upon, the entire paper 
is put to the question on agreeing to or adopting it as the 
resolution, order, etc., of the assembly. 

158. As the order, resolution, etc., of the assembly, and 
not as the report of the committee accepted. 

159. As an amendment, and is to be first amended, if 
necessary, and then put to the question as an amendment 
reported by the committee; or, the new draft may first be 


TARLIAMENTARY RULES. 481 

accepted as a substitute for the original paper, and then 
treated as such. 

160. Firsts a proposition is moved. 

Second, a motion to amend. 

Third, a motion to commit. 

Fourth, the debate results in a question for order. 

Fifth, the question of privilege and rights of members in 
a debate, etc., is called up. 

Sixth, to lie on the table. 

161. The regular course of proceeding requires the mo¬ 
tion to lie on the table to be put first; if carried, the whole 
is removed from the assembly; if lost, the question of priv¬ 
ilege must then be settled; then the question of order; then 
of commitment—which, if lost, brings us to the question of 
amendment; and, lastly, the main question. 

162. After it has been moved and seconded, and pro¬ 
posed to the assembly by the presiding officer. Until this 
is done, it is not a question before the assembly, to be acted 
upon or considered in any manner. 

163. A member moves a principal question, and at the 
same time calls for the previous question, or that the reso¬ 
lution lie on the table. 

164. To take no notice of the subsidiary question, but 
propose the principal one in the usual manner, thus giving 
members the right of debate, etc., in relation to the subject. 

165. The right to express his opinions in the discussion 
of the subject under consideration. 

166. He cannot be interrupted, except by a call to or¬ 
der, which question being decided, he is entitled to be 
heard through. When any matter of privilege affecting 
the assembly itself, or any of its members, of which the 
assembly ought to have instant information,—such as ob¬ 
structing the passage-way to the hall; quarreling of mem¬ 
bers; or when it becomes necessary to have lights,—it gives 
sufficient cause for interruption until the assembly is 
again in condition to have the speaker proceed. 

167. As breaches of order; for no motion can be made 
without the member rising and addressing the chair, and 
being recognized by the presiding officer. 

1&. “ Mr. President, I arise to a point of order.’’ He 
should then proceed with the statement of his point, or 
other matter of order, or of privilege. 

169. He can, for if the debate or consideration of that 
subject were allowed to proceed, it might continue through 
the day, and thus defeat the order. 


482 


THE QUESTION BOOK. 


170. To the mover of the question, in preference to 
others, if lie rises to speak; also, on resuming debate after 
adjournment, to give the floor to the mover of the adjourn¬ 
ment, if he desires it. 

171. He should prefer the one who is opposed to the 
measure in question; but in all these cases the determina¬ 
tion of the presiding officer may be overruled by the as¬ 
sembly. 

172. If he states that he intends to conclude with a 
motion, and informs the assembly what that motion is, he 
may be allowed to speak. But if he speaks upon a 
subject not known to be or to become a motion before the 
house, he is liable to be called to a point of order. 

173. Often, when the subject to be brought before the 
assembly is not definitely understood, the expression of 
opinion is given. This promiscuous expression, or counsel, 
is allowed when no member raises an objection. Other¬ 
wise the subfect must come regularly before the meeting. 

174. He should rise and stand up in his place, un¬ 
covered, address the presiding officer as “ Mr. Chairman,” 
or “ Mr. President,” according to title, and if in order, the 
presiding officer will respond by calling the speaker by 
name, by which means the assembly may take notice who 
it is that speaks, and may give their attention accordingly. 

175. To refer to him by some expression, or in some 
manner, without speaking his name, the object being to 
guard against the possibility of exciting personal feeling. 

176. To sit until the former has been heard. 

177. So long as he has the floor and keeps within the 
rule. (See Question 184.) 

178. No person is to use indecent language against the 
proceedings of the assembly, or to reflect on any of its 
})rior determinations, unless he means to close his remarks 
with a motion to rescind such determination. No mem¬ 
ber is at liberty to digress from the matter of the question. 
Every member should clearly express his points of argu¬ 
ments, or the presiding officer may mistake them for a 
digression. Care should be taken in discussion that the 
speaker should follow the particular question, instead of 
the general question; for one moment it may be an amend¬ 
ment, at another time postponement, and again on order¬ 
ing the previous question. 

179. Sometimes it happens that the subsidiary motion 
involves in itself the merits of the original proposition, in 
which case the debate embraces both. 


PARLIAMENTARY RULES. 


483 


180. By an affirmative vote of the assembly, he may 
continue, but if no question was made, or if decided in the 
negative, the speaker must abandon the objectionable 
course of remarks and return to the subject under debate. 

181. No member can speak more than once to the same 
question, but he may to the same subject as often as it is 
presented in the form of a different question; as, when 
referred to a committee, or when subsidiary or incidental 
questions arise in the course of the debate. This rule 
applies to the technical points of this decision, and if 
enforced will prevent a member from speaking a second time 
unless he obtains leave of the assembly. 

182. To clear a matter of fact, or explain some material 
part of his speech, but carefully keeping within that line, 
and not falling into the matter itself. 

183. To explain a statement made by a member, but 
which was not so thoroughly discussed as to give a thor« 
ough comprehension. 

184. He does not. In yielding the floor he relinquishes 
it altogether. 

185. By the limitation of the time allotted to each 
speaker; by adopting beforehand a special rule in refer¬ 
ence to a particular subject, which at a specified time shall 
declare debating to cease, and all motions or questions 
pending in relation to it shall be decided. Besides these 
methods for putting an end to an unprofitable or tiresome 
debate, is the long-used previous question. 

186. In permitting every kind of disorder without 
censure. 

187. By a member or members rising and calling to 
order, the objecting party repeating the words used exact¬ 
ly as he conceives them to have been spoken, in order that 
they may be reduced to writing by the recording t)ffi.er. 
If the presiding officer thinks there is no foundation for 
deciding the language disorderly, he will prudently delay 
giving orders to the clerk to record them, until a further 
expression of the assembly, either by vote or calling out, 
is obtained. 

188. Such censure is not to be recorded, or any action 
taken thereon. 

189. To submit himself to the pleasure of the assem¬ 
bly, and to sit down, for it scarcely ever happens that the 
members of any assembly are guilty of this piece of ill 
manners, without some excuse or provocation, or that they 


484 


THE C^UESTION BOOK. 


are so wholly inattentive to one who says anything worth 
their hearing. 

190. An order is a coniinand of the assembly ; a resolu¬ 
tion expresses the opinions or purposes ; and the term vote 
may be applied to the result of every question decided by 
the assembly. 

191. When the proposition is quite lengthy, as is usual 
with a petition, report, etc., the form in which it is usually 
presented to the assembly is, Shad the petition, or the re¬ 
port^ he received ? 

192. There being no objection expressed, the formality 
of taking a question by a vote is dispensed with, and the 
matter declared to be accepted; but should any member 
rise to object, the presiding officer shall consider every¬ 
thing that has passed as nothing, and at once go back and 
take the matter up in regular form. 

193. “As many as are of the opinion that,'^ repeating the 
words of the question, “ say ^aye’; as many as are of a differ¬ 
ent opinion, say ^no.'‘ ” 

194. The members are requested to form a division, 
either in two separate parties, or by rising in their seats, 
or by roll-call. 

ife. By a vote from the presiding officer. 

196. It is; but in doing so he may, if he pleases, gire 
his reasons. 

197. The presiding officer appoints tellers for each di¬ 
vision, and the members are required to rise, uncovered, 
and remain until counted. 

198. The one in general use in this country is by roll- 
call. The clerk is ordered to call the name of each mem¬ 
ber, who rises in his place and answers yes or no, and the 
clerk notes the answer as the roll is called. He then reads 
over, first the names of those who answered in the affirm¬ 
ative, and then the names of those who answered in the 
negative, in order that if he has made any mistake in not¬ 
ing, or any member has made any mistake in his answer, 
the mistake of either may be corrected. The clerk then 
counts the number on each side, and reports them to the 
presiding officer, who declares the result to the assembly. 

199. It is not a full question until the negative is 
reached; consequently it is in order for any member to rise 
and speak, make motions for amendments or otherwise, 
and thus renew the debate. In such a case, the question 
must be put over again on the affirmative. 

200. By obtaining the votes of members who were not 


PARLIAMENTARY RULES. 


485 


ill wnen the voting commenced; or those already voting 
may have changed their minds. 

201. Because the question becomes full, both sides be¬ 
ing acted upon at the same time. 

202. The presiding officer must decide it without de¬ 
bate, the act to be subject to revision and correction b}'’ 
the assembly after the division is over. The presiding 
officer may, if he please, receive the advice of members in 
regard to the objection, which they are to give sitting, in 
order to avoid even the appearance of a debate. 

203. Suspend proceedings until a quorum is obtained, 
whether on the same or some future day, when the ques¬ 
tion must be taken up at that precise point. 

204. A question by which a matter which has been 
note I upon shall again come before the assembly in pre¬ 
cisely tlie same condition as it was before being considered. 

205. Any member, the same as of any other motion, 
although in legislative bodies special rules regulate by 
whom, when, and in what manner; but where an assem¬ 
bly is subject to no special rules concerning it, it is the 
privilege of any member to move a reconsideration. 

206. To bring into shape matters which require thought 
to construct, or investigation; or any business which can¬ 
not be as conveniently transacted in the assembly session 
as outside. 

207. It depends upon the general authority and par- 
ticular instruction given them by the assembly at the time 
of their appointment. A vote taken in committee is as 
binding as a vote of the assembly. A committee has fall 
power over what may be committed to it, except that it 
is not at liberty to change the title or subject. 

208. They are. Select, Standing and Committee of the Whole. 

209. A committee especially selected to transact any 
business arising on a particular occasion. 

210. A committee appointed beforehand for the con¬ 
sideration of all matters of the same nature which may 
arise during the session. The standing committee contin¬ 
ues in existence, while the select is dissolved after the par¬ 
ticular business for which it was appointed is transacted. 

211. First decide upon the number of which the com¬ 
mittee is to be composed. The number being settled, 
there are tln’ee modes of selecting the members, to-wit: 
appointing by tlie presiding officer; by ballot; and by 
nomination and vote of the assembly. 


48(3 


THE QUESTION J300K. 


212. The same as in other elections, and are elected 
singly or all together, as may be ordered. 

213. The names of the members proposed are put to 
the question, singly, and are approved or rejected by the 
assembly, by a vote taken in the usual way. 

214. That none be appointed who are directly opposed 
to the bo ly of that subject, but rather those who are sup¬ 
posed Lo approve it. 

215. To make out a list of the members, together with 
a certhied copy of instructions under which they are to 
act, and to give the papers to the person first named on 
the committee, if convenient; but, if otherwise, to any 
other member of the committee. 

216. Usually he is the first person named on the com¬ 
mittee, but this is a matter of courtesy, every committee 
having the right to select its own chairman, who presides 
over it, and makes the report of its proceedings to the 
assembly. 

217. When and wherever the members of the com¬ 
mittee shall decide. But if directions have been given by 
the assembly, they cannot regularly sit at any other time 
or place than in accordance with instructions. Sometimes 
these instructions are to sit immediately and make its 
report forthwith; but no committee has a right to sit while 
the assembly is in session, unless so ordered. 

218. Without some particular number has been des¬ 
ignated by the assembly, a majority constitutes a quorum 
for business. 

219. The committee is closed, and cannot act without 
being newly directed to sit. 

220. They must be written down and reported to the 
assembly for its consideration. A committee cannot pun¬ 
ish disorderly conduct of any kind, but must report it. 

221. Where a paper is referred to a committee, they 
proceed to the question of amendment; while a paper 
originating with them may be amended, as in the case of 
a paper referred, but at the close the question is put on 
the whole, for agreeing to the paper as amended or un¬ 
amended. 

222. They cannot. If in their judgment it cannot be 
made good by amendments, they have no authority to 
reject, but must report back to the assembly, and there make 
their opposition as individual members. 

223. It should be in a clear draft, fairly written, with¬ 
out erasing or interlining. 


PARLIAMENTARY RULES. 


487 - 


224. They are not at liberty to erase, interline, blot, 
disfigure or tear it in any manner, but must report Jill 
amendments in a separate paper, stating the exact parts 
to be amended and the words to be inserted. If the 
amendments agreed to are very numerous and minute, 
they may report them all together in the form of a new 
draft. 

225. It is moved and voted upon that the committee 
rise, and that the chairman, or some other member, makes 
their report to the assembly. 

226. The chairman or member appointed to make the 
report, rises in his place and informs the assembly that 
the committee to whom was referred such a subject or 
paper have, according to order, had the same under con¬ 
sideration, and have directed him to make a report there¬ 
on, which he is ready to do when the assembly shall 
please. The person offering the report, or any other mem¬ 
ber, can then move that the report be now received. The 
assembly then decide whether it will receive the report at 
that time, or fix upon some time in the future for its re¬ 
ception. 

227. At the time when, by the order of the assembly, 
the report is to be received, the chairman reads it in his 
place, and then delivers it, together with all the papers 
connected with it, to the clerk or secretary, where it is 
again read, and then lies on the table until it suits the 
convenience of the assembly to take it up for consid¬ 
eration. 

228. The chairman reads the amendments in their con¬ 
nection with the paper, showing the alterations made 
therein, and the reasons assigned by the committee for 
their action; while in the reading of the report at the 
clerk’s table the amendments only are read. 

229. It is usually dispensed with, although, if any 
objection is made, or if the presiding officer sees any 
informality in the report, he should decline receiving it 
without a motion and vote. 

230. By being printed, and each member given a copy, 
by which means the reading of such papers by the clerk 
becomes unnecessary. 

231. When the report has been made and received, the 
committee is dissolved, and can act no more without new 
power; but if the report is not received the committee is 
not discharged, but may be ordered to sit again, and a 
time and place for such session appointed accordingly. 


488 


THE QHKSTION BOOK. 


232. When any subject has once been in the hands of 
a committee, and the report ina(ie upon it is not satisfac¬ 
tory to the assembly, it may again be committed to the 
same, or some other committee^ by which act it is known 
as recommitted. 

233. None whatever, the whole question being again 
before the committee as if nothing had passed there in 
relation to it. 

234. In three different forms, namely: Firsts it may 
contain merely a statement of facts, opinions or reasoning, 
in relation to the subject of it, without any general con¬ 
clusion; second, by a statement of facts, etc., with a gen¬ 
eral conclusion; third, by resolution, or a general conclu¬ 
sion, without any introductory part. 

235. When the report is accepted it is adopted, as though 
it was originally done by the assembly without the ser¬ 
vices of a committee. 

236. They do, although the term “ accepting ” should 
be used when the report contains merely a statement of 
facts, reasoning or opinion; and the term “adopting,” 
when the report concludes with resolutions or propo¬ 
sitions. 

237. The whole assembly resolved into a committee. 

238. When the time arrives for the committee to sit, 
the presiding officer puts the question, then made, that 
the assembly do now resolve itself into a committee of the 
whole, to take under consideration such a matter,—naming 
it. If this question is decided in the affirmative, he de¬ 
clares the result, and names some member to act as chair¬ 
man of the committee; if objections are made, then by 
nomination and vote. The elected chairman takes a seat 
(not in the chair of the assembly) at the secretary’s table, 
and the presiding officer takes a seat elsewhere, like any 
other member. 

239. The same number as constitutes a quorum in the 
assembly. 

240. On motion, the chairman rises, and the presiding 
officer thereupon resumes the chair. The chairman then 
informs the assembly of the cause of the dissolution of 
the committee, but can make no report of business trans¬ 
acted. 

241. In legislative bodies, it becomes the duty of the 
assistant clerk. 

242. The same as in any committee, the report to the 


PARLIAMENTARY RULES. 


489 


assembly, only, to be recorded in the journal of the as¬ 
sembly. 

243. In the committee of the whole the previous ques¬ 
tion cannot be moved; it cannot adjourn; every member 
may speak as often as he pleases, providing he can obtain 
the floor; it cannot refer any matter to another commit¬ 
tee; the presiding officer of the assembly has a right to 
take part in the proceedings, the same as any other mem¬ 
ber; and in case of a breach of order, the committee can¬ 
not punish offenders, but must write down and report to 
the assembly. 

244. To move that the committee rise; and if it is ap¬ 
prehended that the same discussion will be attempted on 
returning again into committee, the assembly can dis¬ 
charge the committee, and proceed itself with the busi¬ 
ness. 

245. A move should be made that the committee rise^ 
report progress, and ask leave to sit again. If the motion 
prevails, the presiding officer resumes the chair of the 
assembly, and the chairman informs him that the commit¬ 
tee have, according to order, made some progress thereon, 
but, for want of time, ask leave for the committee to sit 
again. The presiding officer thereupon puts the question, 
by which the committee is given leave to sit again, and 
the time is also designated when the assembly will again 
resolve itself in*o a committee. If the request is not 
granted, the committee is dissolved. 

246. A committee appointed by a committee for the 
purpose of expediting their business. 

247. By general consent, it is. If the assembly are 
ready to receive it at the time, they cry out, ‘‘Now, now” ; 
if not ready, some other time is proposed, as “To-morrow,” 
or “Monday,” and that is fixed by general consent; but 
any objection necessitates an agreement by a motion and 
vote. 

248. He should give the closest attention to the pro¬ 
ceedings of the assembly, and especially to what is said by 
every member who speaks. By so doing, confusion will 
be prevented, offensive language checked, and harmony 
obtained. Much depends upon the presiding officer for a 
careful, just and thorough transaction of the business of 
the assembly. His attention, interest, and impartial acts 
inspire confidence, create union of feeling, and impress 
upon each member the necessity of legislation for the ben¬ 
efit of all. 


THIS IS WHAT THEY SAY 

Price $J.so—postage eartra, 14 cts. 


H. W. Pennington, Concord Church, JV. Va. : Question 
Book received. I cannot express my great satisfaction. It is 
worth six times the price I paid for it, and if I could not get 
another I would not take $ 50.00 for it. What will you charge 
me for 10 or 12 copies ? 

C. W. Hagar, Editoj and Publisher Pupil's Companion, 
6g7 Broadxvay, New York : Can you ship me a few hundred 
copies of Question Books this coming week, 500 at least? In 
looking over our business I find I havesoldover 10,000 copies, 
and the demand still continues. I have never handled a book 
which gave such general satisfaction. 

W. M. Lampkin, Hickory Grove: I received the Question 
Book in due time for the examination, and found it a great 
advantage to me. Not only do I find it grand for private re¬ 
viewing, but in the school room it is equally as good. 

Lucy Belle Sizer, Rosedale, Wis. : The desired book re¬ 
ceived. I am indeed pleased with the work. Its value is far 
beyond my expectations. I shall take what orders I can, as 
your commission is reasonable and an agent can do well. 

Sherrie Warren, Clear Lake, Polk Co. Wis. : The Ques¬ 
tion Book arrived O. K. I am highly pleased with it. I ex¬ 
pect to commence canvassing soon. Quite a number have 
subscribed by showing your circular. 

Lizzie Conley, Bard, Iowa : Enclosed find order for doz. 
Question Books. I would not take $ 5.00 for my book and do 
without it. It is splendid. 

C. O. Okell, Macksville, Has. : I received my book the 
20 th. I think it is the best work I have ever seen ; would not 
part with it for $ 50.00 if I could not replace it with another. 

Rev. C. J. Brown, A. M., Prin. Clark University: At¬ 
lanta, Ga. : The fifty copies came all right, and our scholars 
are taking them quite freely. I find it a most excellent work. 

J. C. Warrick, Afnanddle, Minn. : I ordered some books 
from your firm last winter and found them to be just the thing 
for educational work. Give me your best price on 50 copies. 
I cannot devote my time to it as I am teaching, but in August 
I will enter the field in earnest. 



CONCERNING CRAIG’SQUESTION BOOK 

Price $ 1.50—postage extra^ 14 cts. 


R. W. Jones, Loco, Ind. Ter.: I am more than pleased with 
the work and would not be without it for five times the cost 
of it. 

Herbert McKechney, Beaulieti, N. Dak.: Copy of 
Question Book received. The teachers here are ivild over it. 

C. W. Bardeen, Syracuse, JL. Y.: I accept your offer for 
1,000 copies of Question Book. I prefer to deal direct with 
you. You have a splendid book for teachers and reviewing 
classes, and it is bound to have a very large circulation. Ship 
by freight as soon as you conveniently can. 

Every teacher knows of Mr. Bardeen as the editor of Educational 
Periodicals, Author and Publisher of School Books, and Manager 
of the well-known Teachers’ Agency. 

Mother Kose, Arcadia College, Arcadia, Mo.: Please send 
two copies Question Book to Mother Superior, Ursuline Con¬ 
vent, St. Louis, Mo., and six copies to me. The books are 
very useful to our scholars. 

Dominican Sisters, Freeport, III. : Please send to our 
address one more copy of your Common School Question 
Book, and oblige. It is a great assistant in reviewing. 

G. R. Hall, Pres't. Plainview High School, Plainvie^o, 
Minn.: Please ship us one dozen School Question Books— 
latest edition—at once. Are just beginning to appreciate them 
here Our County Superintendent and School Board endorse 
the book very strongly. Ship as early as possible. 

W. M. Lampkin, Hickory Grove : I received the Question 
Book in due time for the examination, and found it a great 
advantage to me. Not only do I find it grand for private 
reviewing, but in the school room it is equally as good. 

G. W. Roberts, Supt. City Schools, Rochester, Minn.: 
Copy of Question Book received. It is 7vorth its weight in 
gold. Express me eight copies for the use of my teachers. 



For description and REGULAR PRICE see other side. 


Fill out this hlank and mail it to us. 

in 

o 

o 
o 
r* 

«o 

c 

M 

in 


0 o 

Xi 

o 

Oo. 




Ui -T) 


-*5 





r*" 

o 






0 w 

< 

cn 





a c 

0 

M- 

c* 




o 

Cfl 

X 

— 

1—1 



M. ^ 




P 



:3 

DT 

r+ 

1 — 1 




o 

0 

0 


o 



M. ^ 

' 

P 

P 

o 



c* 

T5 

O 

1 — 1 

D 

> 


• 3 



cn 

07 

CL 



C 

0 

O 

M- 

a 

5 


1 — > 



CL 

p 

0 

r+ 


03 

0 

0 

0 


0 

c+ 

- 

n 

►-J 

07 


P 

O 


O 

pD 

07 


O 


P 

1 —’ 




nr 

3 

D 

o 

M- 



0 

0 

CL 

cn 

o 



•-j 


1 — 1 

0 

ni 




„ r+ 

“S o !B 

O ^ 
O ^ 

3 S 

CL I 0) 
“ ® ■ 


Ui 

c* 

o 


as 

ns 

CL 

M- 

•-b 

ns 

o 

H- 

r+ 

r+ 

3 

0 

07 

c 

r+ 

0 


0 


P 

D 

CL 

r*" 

«o 

cn 

CT 

0 

M 

CL 

0 

in 




*-3 

Ci) 

M- 

c+ 

l-H 

CL 

D 

c+ 

o 

a 

r*" 

0 

jz: 

•-j 

0 

D 


0 

TJ 

r+ 

ro 

07 

1 

M- 

o 

07 


o 

o 

0 


rs 


07 


r+ 

CD 

CO 


O 

M- 


•-5 

CD 

a 

d 

o 

r*- 

M- 

o 


O 


O 

2 : 


o 

CP 

r+ 

OD. tn 

0 D 

o 

XJ 

T O 

CD w 

XJ 0 
JD CL 

M* 

CL ^ 


W 

o 
o 


o ^ 


s 

o o ^0 

O cn 
X5 - 


o 

^ O 
pr 
Q 
- rf 
in ^ 
0 

iz: ^ 
It: w 
0 


O 

c 

o 


cn 

0 

3 

a 



c-r> 

cm 













DURPRICE$1.50. (postage 14cts.) Pu B 1.1 S H E D ® $2.25. 

CRAIG’S 

Common School Question Book, 

REVISED WITH ANSWERS. 


E..large<l edition 500 Pages! Printed from New 

Electrotype Plates! Handsomely bound, and contains nearly 8,500 
Questions and Answers on Different Branches of Study, arranged as 
follows; 


Questions on United States History. 
Answers to Same. 

Questions on Geography. 

Answers to Same, 

Questions on Reading. 

Answers to Same. 

Questions on Physical Geography. 
Answers to Same. 

Questions on Grammar. 

Answers to Same. 

Questions on Letter Writing. 

Answers to Same. 

Questions on Orthography, Orthoepy 
and Phonology. 

Answers to same. 

Questiorvs on Written Arithmetic. 
Answers to Same. 

Questions on the Theory and Practice 
of Teaching. 

Answers to Same. 


Questions on Alcohol and Tobacco. 
Answers to Same. 

Questions cn Civil Government. 
Answers to Same. 

Questions on Physiology, Anatomy 
and Hygiene 
Answers to Same. 

Questions on Natural Philosophy. 
Answers to Same. 

Participles and 'nfiniti ves made Easy. 
Answers to Same. 

Questions on Writing. 

Answers to Same. 

Questions on Algebra. 

Answers to Same. 

Test Problems m Algebra. 

Questions on Parliamenta'v Rules. 
Answers to Same. 


The New Question Rook will be useful to every one. Teachers 
may now discard the tedious drudgery of searching through numerous 
text-books from beginning to end for material for examinations. Here 
are Questions and Answers ready to hand coverin'? ALL. 
common School Branches. School Committeemen will readily 
appreciate the value of this book in their examinations of Te.'jcheir. W e 
are sending these books in quantities to schools and academies in all part? 
of the country to be employed as text-books for daily class use. It 
should be in every School-room. 

If salability is a test of value, what shall we say of a book of which 
more than 150,000 copies have been sold? Such is the record of this 
remarkable work! The Questions and Answers on I’arliamen- 
tai-y Rules alone are worth the price. 

Remember I—it contains nearly 8,,500 Questions and Answers. '’*'hc 
Questions in each department are numbered, and like numbers are given 
to the Answers in the corresponding department. 

OUR PRICE $1,50. (Postage 14 cts.) PUBLISHED @ $2.25 

.Arthur Hinds & Co., 

4 Cooper Institute, - New York City 





30 CENTS PER SET- 


Book-keeping Blanks 


We have for sale Blanks to be used with any 
Common School, Elementary, or Practical Book¬ 


keeping. They are put up in sets of 5 blank-books 


to the set, properly ruled for the requisite accounts- 
Paper of superior quality. Covers attractive. 

PRICE. 

30 cents per set, net (if by mail, postage 6 cents extra, 
per set). 

Apply for our “Catalogue E” of prices we will pay for 
New and Second-hand School Books. 

VVe will take any books named in “Catalogue E 
in payment for Book-keeping Blanks or Continental Copy¬ 
books (over), or anything else from our immense stock of 
New and Second-hand School and College Text-books. 


ARTHUR HINDS 



Nezv ] \)rk City, 


p Cooper Institute^ 






80 CENTS PER DOZEN 


Continental Series 

-OF- 

PENMANSHIP. 

Comprising Numbers i to 7, inclusive, carefully graded 
with a view to the utmost simplicity consistent with com 
pleteness. 

This is a “brand new thing." The copies exhibit • 
beautiful specimen of the latest style of “flowing hand 
writing.” The covers are attractive; the paper is of the bcs- 
quality. Being the latest series issued, it embodies all th.' 
new ideas, and is generally admitted to be the superior of aL 
other series extant, in beauty of “handwriting,” system 
grading, and quality of finish. 

F*RICK. 

80 cents per dozen (if by mail, postage 14 cents exi?a^ 
per dozen). 

Sample Set of the 7 numbers 40 cents (if by mail, pi st 
age 9 cents extra). 

Apply for our “Catalogue Eof prices vre will pay foj New nn« 
Second-hand School Books. 

i^“\Ve will take any books named in “Catalogue E ” in payme/>l 
for Continental Copy-books or Book-keeping Blanks (over), or anything 
else from our immense stock of New and Second-hand School and Col 
lege Text-books. 

ARTHUR HINDS & CO., 


^ Cooper Institutey 


New York City, 




1banb^ pieces to Speaf?. 

Primary. 20 cts. ; Intermediate, 20 cts. ; Advanced^ 20 cts. 

ALL THREE FOR 50.CENTS. 

Postage., 3 cts. each. 

Model Card Selections for Itecitation, Not Hooks hut Cards. 
A Separate Piece on a Separate Card for each Scholar. 

A Sensible and Economical Arrangement. 


These selections, just published on separate cards, supply a 
long felt want among teachers. No waste material is included. 
Every piece has been carefully tested in the class room and 
found to be available, if desired, they can be sold with profit 
by the teacher as lo7o as Pwo cents each card. 

For convenience in making use of these selections they have 
been classified as follows ; 

PRIMARY, 36 Selections. 

INTERMEDIATE, 36 Selections. 

ADVANCED, 36 Selections. ' 

Each set, besides miscellaneous pieces, contains also 
several selections suitable for the Seasons, and the 
several Holidays. 

This collection is made upon homoeopathic principles. The 
number of “Speakers” now published is enormous. There 
are often a hundred selections in one book. Yet the pupils 
usually find only about haif a dozen available pieces in any of 
them. It is believed that every selection in this series will be 
used. 

The advantages of the card method of publication over the 
book form are apparent : 

1. There is no padding. 

2. The teacher can help a scholar to a “ piece to speak ” 
without a toilsome search through dreary volumes ; without 
the necessity of cutting long pieces down, or the risk of loaning 
valued books to careless fingers. 

Each piece is printed on good, stout card board, and the 
cards belonging to each grade are enclosed in a heavy 
manila envelope with the contents printed on the cover. 

ARTHUR HIHOS & CO., 4 Copper Inelitole, New York City, 






What Teachers Have Long Wished For. 


HANDY AIDS FOR 

WiitiiiG Compositions. 

FIVE GRADES, VIZ.: A, B, C, D, E, 

20 cts, Each; the Five for 75 cts. 

Postage^ 3 cents each. 

A carefully graded series intended to help pupils observe 
carefully, think clearly and write fluently. Hand¬ 
somely illustrated. By Harlan H. Ballard, 
Principal of Lenox Academy, Lenox, Mass. 

N O subject is less adequately taught in our public schools than English 
Composition, and none is so important. The average method is 
briefly this : “ Division A may have Declamations next Friday, and 
Division B may write Compositions.” After the pupils have handed in 
their work, sometimes borrowed or stolen, the teacher marks the more glar¬ 
ing errors in syntax and spelling, and that is all. This is not the teacher’s 
fault; crowded by the necessary tasks of every day, she cannot find time 
or strength to sit down with each little toiler and help him draw 
forth his thoughts on some hidden theme, as she would love to do. 
These AIDS will do it for her. 

The .4II>S are to help the pupils observe carefully, think clearly, 
write fluently. By their use the teacher will be relieved, and the pupils 
will come to regard composition writing as a delight instead of a terror. 

Each .4ID contains twenty subjects, each designed to lead the pupil to 
write a well consructed composition. But this is not half. Each Sub¬ 
ject represents a Type of composition, and suggests the method 
of treating all similar subjects, and in most cases fiom six to twelve other 
subjects are appended for further practice. 

Thus the owner of the series of 5 AIDS has not only the guide to 100 
Choice Compositions, but to nearly fifty vcivieties of composition, 
with methods for constructing them, and a repertory of about 500 addi¬ 
tional subjects, properly classified. In many cases a handsome, 
striking illustration is employed to aid the pupil in developing the subject. 

Among the varieties of composition thus developed are. Para¬ 
phrase, Memory-tvriting. Invention, History, Biography, 
Autobiography, Story-telling, Discussion, AVriling from 
Pictures, Analysis, Criticism, Description of Objects, De¬ 
scription of Pictures, Description of Scenery, Description 
of Processes, and many more. 

Special attention has been given to the recording of observations from 
Nature, as in the cards on “A Piece of Quartz,” “The Growth 
of a Plant,” ” The Life of a Butterfly,” etc. Grades A and B 
are suitable for Primary and lower Grammar Schools, C for intermediate 
and upper Grammar School grades, and D and E for upper grade Gram¬ 
mar and High Schools. ^ ^ 

Five Grades, viz.: A, B, C, D, E. 

20 cts. each ; all five for 75 cts. 

Postage 3 cts, each . 

ARTHUR HIHDS & CO., 4 Cooper Institute, H, Y. City. 






\Ve Commend These 


Handy Literal Translations. Neatly bound in flexible 
cloth, pocket size. Price 50 cts. pxer volume. Postage extra, 5 cts. pet 
volume. Twenty-three volumes now ready, viz: 

Caesar’s Gallic War. 

Cicero's Orations. 

Virgil's /Eneid, the 1st Six Books. 

Horace, complete. 

Xenophon’s Anabasis, the ist Four Books. 

Homer's Iliad, the ist Six Books. 

Lysias’ Orations. 

Cicero on Old Age and Friendship. 

Livy, Hooks XXI and XXII. 

Plato's Apology, Crito and Phaedo. 

Demosthenes on the Crown. 

Tacitus' Germany and Agncola, 

Sallust 

Ovid’s Metamorphoses, 2 volumes, 

Demosthenes' Olynthiacs and Philippics. 

Euripides' Medea. 

Goethe's Faust. 

Goethe’s Herma and Dorothea. 

Schiller’s William Tell. 

Schiller's Maria' Stuart. 

Schiller’s Maid of Orleans. 

Lessing's Minna von Barnhelm, 

The Classic Series of Dictionaries. Elegantly and dun 

ably bound in half morocco. Clear type, good paper. Price $2.00 
each. Postace extra. 19 cts. each. 

French-English and English-French Dictionary, 1122 pages. 
German-Englisn and English-German Dictionary, 1112 pages. 
Latin-English Dictionary, 628 pages. 

Greek-English Dictionary, in preparation. 

Handy Topics in English Grammar, in which every prin¬ 

ciple is illustrated before it is stated. Price 50 cts., postage 5 cts. 

Rusk’s Selections for Readings and Recitations. A recent 

collection of fresh and attractive pieces. A series of six numbers, 
viz.; 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6. Price 12 cts. per number. Postage 3 cts. each. 

Kimball’s Outline of U. S. History and Civil Government. 

Price 5 cts , postage 2 cts. 

Gentlemen’s Book of Etiquette, and Manual of Polite¬ 
ness. A complete guide to correct manners in public and in private. 
Price 90 cts. Published at $1.25. Postage 10 cts. 

Ladies’ Book of Etiquette, and Manual of Politeness. A 

complete handbook for the use of a lady in polite society. Price 90 cts. 
Published at $1.25. Postage 10 cts. 

Little Giant Cyclopedia of Useful Facts. 63 cts., postage 7 cts. 
A Study in Pedagogy, by Bishop Vincent. 60 cts. 


ARTHUR HINDS & CO., 4 Cooper Institute, H. Y. City. 




Special ties o f Ours. 

Craig’s Revised Common School Question Book, with 

Answers. Enlarged Edition. Published at $2.25. Our Price, $1.50. 
Postage 14 cts. See extended description, inner page. 

Craig’s Handy Examination Questions and Answers on 

Parliamentary Rules, 25 cents. 

Physical Geography, 25 cents. 

Natural Philosophy {Physics) 25 cents. 

Physiology, Anatomy, Alcohol, Tobacco, etc., 25 cents. 
Algebra {with Test Problems and Answers) 25 cents. 

Handy Pieces to Speak. Primary, 20 cts.; Intermediate, 

20 cts.; Advanced, 20 cts. All three for 30 cts. Postage 3 cts. each. 

Handy Aids for Writing Compositions. Five grades, viz.: 

A, B, C, D, E. 20 cts. each. Allfive for 75 cts. Postage 3 cts. each. 

Book-Keeping Blanks at 30 cts. per set. Five Blank-Books 

to the set. Adapted for use with any text Book—Elementary, Practi¬ 
cal or Common School. Price 30 cts. per set. Postage 6 cts. 

Handy School Record, or Teachers’ Class Register. Price 

25 cts., postage 2 cts. 

Key to Harvey’s Revised English Grammar. New style 

cover. Price 54 cts. Postage 3 cts. 

1001 Questions and Answers on 

Botany, 

Theory and Practice Teaching, 

Physiology and Hygiene, 

General History, 

U. S. History, 

English Grammar, 

Orthography, 

Arithmetic, 

Geography, 

Test Examples in Arithmetic. 

Ten volumes. Price 36 cts each. Postage 4 cts. each. 

Bad English, or Ungrammatical Expressions Corrected, I5y 

B. A. Hathaway, author of “ ICOl.” Price 25 cts., postage 2 cts. 

Words Correctly Spoken, a vest pocket help to good 

English, Price 12 cts. Postage 2 cts. 

Popular Synonyms, a little vest pocket treasure for every¬ 

body. Price 12 cts. Postage 2^ cts. 

Tenney’s Correct Pronunciation of 11000 Common Words, 

pocket size. Beautifully bound. A perfect little book for a present 
or a prize. Prize 36 cts. Postage 3 cts. 

Continental Series of Penmanship. Comprising numbers 
1 to 7, carefully graded. Paper of fine quality. Price SO cts, per doz. 
Postage,14 cts. per dozen. 

100 Lessons in Business, Price 94 cts. Postage 0 cts. 


ARTHUR RiSBS & GO., 4 Gfloper Institute, N. Y. Gity. 




OUR PRICE $1.SO.(postaseUets.) PUBLISH ED <a $2.26, 

CRAIG’S 

Goinion School Qaestion Booh, 

REVISED WITH ANSWERS. 


Enlarg^ed edition, 500 Pages! Printed from New 

Electrotype Plates! Handsomely bound, and contains nearly 8,500 
Questions and Answers on Different Branches of Study, arranged as 
follows: 


Questions on United States History. 

Answers to Same. 

Questions on Geography. 

Answers to Same. 

Questions on Reading. 

Answers to Same. 

Questions on Physical Geography. 
Answers to Same. 

Questions on Grammar. 

Answers to Same. 

Questions on Letter Writing. 

Answers to Same. 

Questions on Orthography, Orthoepy 
and Phonology. 

Answers to same. 

Questions on Written Arithmetic. 
Answers to Same. 

Questions on the Theory and Practice 
of Teaching. 

Answers to Same. 


Questions on Alcohol and Tobacco, 
Answers to Same. 

Questions on Civil Government. 
Answers to Same. 

Questions on Physiology, Anatomy 
and Hygiene. 

Answers to Same. 

Questions on Natural Philosophy. 
Answers to Same. 

Participles and infinitives made Easy. 
Answers to Same. 

Questions on Writing. 

Answers to Same. 

Questions on Algebra. 

Answers to Same, 

Test Problems in Algebra, 

Questions on Parliamentaw Rulet, 
Answers to Same. 


The New Question Book will be useful to every one. Teachers 
may now discard the tedious drudgery of searching through numerous 
text-books from beginning to end for material for examinations. Here 
are Questions and Answers ready to liaud covering; AL.I. 
common School Branches. School Committeemen will readily 
appreciate the value of this book in their examinations of Teachers. Wc 
are sending these books in quantities to schools and academies in all parts 
of the country to be employed as text-books for daily class use. It 
should be in every School-room. 

If salability is a test of value, what shall we say of a book of which 
more than 160,000 copies have been sold? Such is the record of this 
remarkable work! The Questions and Answers on Parliamen¬ 
tary Buies alone are worth the price. 

Remember!—it contains nearly 8,600 Questions and Answers. The 
Questions in each department are numbered, and like numbers are gives 
to the Answers in the corresponding department. 

ODE PBIOB $1.50. (Postage 14 cts.) PUBLISHED @ $2.26 

Arthur Hinds & Co., 

4 Cooper Institute, - New York City. 










